735 lines
26 KiB
Python
735 lines
26 KiB
Python
# This file is part of h5py, a Python interface to the HDF5 library.
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#
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# http://www.h5py.org
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#
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# Copyright 2008-2013 Andrew Collette and contributors
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#
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# License: Standard 3-clause BSD; see "license.txt" for full license terms
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# and contributor agreement.
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"""
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Implements support for high-level dataset access.
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"""
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from __future__ import absolute_import
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import posixpath as pp
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import sys
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from threading import local
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import six
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from six.moves import xrange # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
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import numpy
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from .. import h5, h5s, h5t, h5r, h5d, h5p, h5fd
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from .base import HLObject, phil, with_phil, Empty, is_empty_dataspace
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from . import filters
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from . import selections as sel
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from . import selections2 as sel2
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from .datatype import Datatype
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_LEGACY_GZIP_COMPRESSION_VALS = frozenset(range(10))
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MPI = h5.get_config().mpi
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def readtime_dtype(basetype, names):
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""" Make a NumPy dtype appropriate for reading """
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if len(names) == 0: # Not compound, or we want all fields
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return basetype
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if basetype.names is None: # Names provided, but not compound
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raise ValueError("Field names only allowed for compound types")
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for name in names: # Check all names are legal
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if not name in basetype.names:
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raise ValueError("Field %s does not appear in this type." % name)
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return numpy.dtype([(name, basetype.fields[name][0]) for name in names])
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def make_new_dset(parent, shape=None, dtype=None, data=None,
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chunks=None, compression=None, shuffle=None,
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fletcher32=None, maxshape=None, compression_opts=None,
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fillvalue=None, scaleoffset=None, track_times=None):
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""" Return a new low-level dataset identifier
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Only creates anonymous datasets.
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"""
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# Convert data to a C-contiguous ndarray
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if data is not None and not isinstance(data, Empty):
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from . import base
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data = numpy.asarray(data, order="C", dtype=base.guess_dtype(data))
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# Validate shape
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if shape is None:
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if data is None:
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if dtype is None:
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raise TypeError("One of data, shape or dtype must be specified")
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data = Empty(dtype)
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shape = data.shape
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else:
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shape = tuple(shape)
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if data is not None and (numpy.product(shape) != numpy.product(data.shape)):
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raise ValueError("Shape tuple is incompatible with data")
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tmp_shape = maxshape if maxshape is not None else shape
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# Validate chunk shape
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if isinstance(chunks, tuple) and any(
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chunk > dim for dim, chunk in zip(tmp_shape,chunks) if dim is not None
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):
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errmsg = "Chunk shape must not be greater than data shape in any dimension. "\
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"{} is not compatible with {}".format(chunks, shape)
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raise ValueError(errmsg)
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if isinstance(dtype, Datatype):
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# Named types are used as-is
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tid = dtype.id
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dtype = tid.dtype # Following code needs this
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else:
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# Validate dtype
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if dtype is None and data is None:
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dtype = numpy.dtype("=f4")
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elif dtype is None and data is not None:
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dtype = data.dtype
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else:
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dtype = numpy.dtype(dtype)
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tid = h5t.py_create(dtype, logical=1)
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# Legacy
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if any((compression, shuffle, fletcher32, maxshape,scaleoffset)) and chunks is False:
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raise ValueError("Chunked format required for given storage options")
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# Legacy
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if compression is True:
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if compression_opts is None:
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compression_opts = 4
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compression = 'gzip'
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# Legacy
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if compression in _LEGACY_GZIP_COMPRESSION_VALS:
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if compression_opts is not None:
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raise TypeError("Conflict in compression options")
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compression_opts = compression
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compression = 'gzip'
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dcpl = filters.generate_dcpl(shape, dtype, chunks, compression, compression_opts,
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shuffle, fletcher32, maxshape, scaleoffset)
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if fillvalue is not None:
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fillvalue = numpy.array(fillvalue)
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dcpl.set_fill_value(fillvalue)
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if track_times in (True, False):
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dcpl.set_obj_track_times(track_times)
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elif track_times is not None:
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raise TypeError("track_times must be either True or False")
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if maxshape is not None:
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maxshape = tuple(m if m is not None else h5s.UNLIMITED for m in maxshape)
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if isinstance(data, Empty):
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sid = h5s.create(h5s.NULL)
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else:
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sid = h5s.create_simple(shape, maxshape)
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dset_id = h5d.create(parent.id, None, tid, sid, dcpl=dcpl)
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if (data is not None) and (not isinstance(data, Empty)):
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dset_id.write(h5s.ALL, h5s.ALL, data)
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return dset_id
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class AstypeContext(object):
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"""
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Context manager which allows changing the type read from a dataset.
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"""
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def __init__(self, dset, dtype):
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self._dset = dset
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self._dtype = numpy.dtype(dtype)
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def __enter__(self):
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# pylint: disable=protected-access
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self._dset._local.astype = self._dtype
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def __exit__(self, *args):
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# pylint: disable=protected-access
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self._dset._local.astype = None
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if MPI:
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class CollectiveContext(object):
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""" Manages collective I/O in MPI mode """
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# We don't bother with _local as threads are forbidden in MPI mode
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def __init__(self, dset):
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self._dset = dset
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def __enter__(self):
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# pylint: disable=protected-access
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self._dset._dxpl.set_dxpl_mpio(h5fd.MPIO_COLLECTIVE)
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def __exit__(self, *args):
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# pylint: disable=protected-access
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self._dset._dxpl.set_dxpl_mpio(h5fd.MPIO_INDEPENDENT)
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class Dataset(HLObject):
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"""
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Represents an HDF5 dataset
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"""
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def astype(self, dtype):
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""" Get a context manager allowing you to perform reads to a
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different destination type, e.g.:
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>>> with dataset.astype('f8'):
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... double_precision = dataset[0:100:2]
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"""
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return AstypeContext(self, dtype)
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if MPI:
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@property
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@with_phil
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def collective(self):
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""" Context manager for MPI collective reads & writes """
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return CollectiveContext(self)
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@property
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def dims(self):
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""" Access dimension scales attached to this dataset. """
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from .dims import DimensionManager
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with phil:
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return DimensionManager(self)
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@property
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@with_phil
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def ndim(self):
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"""Numpy-style attribute giving the number of dimensions"""
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return self.id.rank
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@property
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@with_phil
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def shape(self):
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"""Numpy-style shape tuple giving dataset dimensions"""
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return self.id.shape
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@shape.setter
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@with_phil
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def shape(self, shape):
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# pylint: disable=missing-docstring
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self.resize(shape)
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@property
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@with_phil
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def size(self):
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"""Numpy-style attribute giving the total dataset size"""
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return numpy.prod(self.shape, dtype=numpy.intp)
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@property
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@with_phil
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def dtype(self):
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"""Numpy dtype representing the datatype"""
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return self.id.dtype
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@property
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@with_phil
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def value(self):
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""" Alias for dataset[()] """
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DeprecationWarning("dataset.value has been deprecated. "
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"Use dataset[()] instead.")
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return self[()]
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@property
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@with_phil
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def chunks(self):
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"""Dataset chunks (or None)"""
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dcpl = self._dcpl
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if dcpl.get_layout() == h5d.CHUNKED:
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return dcpl.get_chunk()
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return None
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@property
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@with_phil
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def compression(self):
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"""Compression strategy (or None)"""
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for x in ('gzip','lzf','szip'):
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if x in self._filters:
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return x
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return None
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@property
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@with_phil
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def compression_opts(self):
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""" Compression setting. Int(0-9) for gzip, 2-tuple for szip. """
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return self._filters.get(self.compression, None)
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@property
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@with_phil
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def shuffle(self):
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"""Shuffle filter present (T/F)"""
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return 'shuffle' in self._filters
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@property
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@with_phil
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def fletcher32(self):
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"""Fletcher32 filter is present (T/F)"""
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return 'fletcher32' in self._filters
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@property
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@with_phil
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def scaleoffset(self):
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"""Scale/offset filter settings. For integer data types, this is
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the number of bits stored, or 0 for auto-detected. For floating
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point data types, this is the number of decimal places retained.
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If the scale/offset filter is not in use, this is None."""
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try:
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return self._filters['scaleoffset'][1]
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except KeyError:
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return None
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@property
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@with_phil
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def maxshape(self):
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"""Shape up to which this dataset can be resized. Axes with value
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None have no resize limit. """
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space = self.id.get_space()
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dims = space.get_simple_extent_dims(True)
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return tuple(x if x != h5s.UNLIMITED else None for x in dims)
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@property
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@with_phil
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def fillvalue(self):
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"""Fill value for this dataset (0 by default)"""
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arr = numpy.ndarray((1,), dtype=self.dtype)
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self._dcpl.get_fill_value(arr)
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return arr[0]
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@with_phil
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def __init__(self, bind):
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""" Create a new Dataset object by binding to a low-level DatasetID.
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"""
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if not isinstance(bind, h5d.DatasetID):
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raise ValueError("%s is not a DatasetID" % bind)
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HLObject.__init__(self, bind)
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self._dcpl = self.id.get_create_plist()
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self._dxpl = h5p.create(h5p.DATASET_XFER)
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self._filters = filters.get_filters(self._dcpl)
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self._local = local()
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self._local.astype = None
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def resize(self, size, axis=None):
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""" Resize the dataset, or the specified axis.
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The dataset must be stored in chunked format; it can be resized up to
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the "maximum shape" (keyword maxshape) specified at creation time.
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The rank of the dataset cannot be changed.
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"Size" should be a shape tuple, or if an axis is specified, an integer.
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BEWARE: This functions differently than the NumPy resize() method!
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The data is not "reshuffled" to fit in the new shape; each axis is
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grown or shrunk independently. The coordinates of existing data are
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fixed.
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"""
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with phil:
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if self.chunks is None:
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raise TypeError("Only chunked datasets can be resized")
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if axis is not None:
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if not (axis >=0 and axis < self.id.rank):
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raise ValueError("Invalid axis (0 to %s allowed)" % (self.id.rank-1))
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try:
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newlen = int(size)
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except TypeError:
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raise TypeError("Argument must be a single int if axis is specified")
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size = list(self.shape)
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size[axis] = newlen
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size = tuple(size)
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self.id.set_extent(size)
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#h5f.flush(self.id) # THG recommends
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@with_phil
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def __len__(self):
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""" The size of the first axis. TypeError if scalar.
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Limited to 2**32 on 32-bit systems; Dataset.len() is preferred.
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"""
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size = self.len()
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if size > sys.maxsize:
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raise OverflowError("Value too big for Python's __len__; use Dataset.len() instead.")
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return size
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def len(self):
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""" The size of the first axis. TypeError if scalar.
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Use of this method is preferred to len(dset), as Python's built-in
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len() cannot handle values greater then 2**32 on 32-bit systems.
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"""
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with phil:
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shape = self.shape
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if len(shape) == 0:
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raise TypeError("Attempt to take len() of scalar dataset")
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return shape[0]
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@with_phil
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def __iter__(self):
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""" Iterate over the first axis. TypeError if scalar.
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BEWARE: Modifications to the yielded data are *NOT* written to file.
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"""
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shape = self.shape
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if len(shape) == 0:
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raise TypeError("Can't iterate over a scalar dataset")
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for i in xrange(shape[0]):
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yield self[i]
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@with_phil
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def __getitem__(self, args):
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""" Read a slice from the HDF5 dataset.
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Takes slices and recarray-style field names (more than one is
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allowed!) in any order. Obeys basic NumPy rules, including
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broadcasting.
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Also supports:
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* Boolean "mask" array indexing
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"""
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args = args if isinstance(args, tuple) else (args,)
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if is_empty_dataspace(self.id):
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if not (args == tuple() or args == (Ellipsis,)):
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raise ValueError("Empty datasets cannot be sliced")
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return Empty(self.dtype)
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# Sort field indices from the rest of the args.
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names = tuple(x for x in args if isinstance(x, six.string_types))
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args = tuple(x for x in args if not isinstance(x, six.string_types))
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if six.PY2:
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names = tuple(x.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(x, six.text_type) else x for x in names)
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new_dtype = getattr(self._local, 'astype', None)
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if new_dtype is not None:
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new_dtype = readtime_dtype(new_dtype, names)
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else:
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# This is necessary because in the case of array types, NumPy
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# discards the array information at the top level.
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new_dtype = readtime_dtype(self.id.dtype, names)
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mtype = h5t.py_create(new_dtype)
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# === Special-case region references ====
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if len(args) == 1 and isinstance(args[0], h5r.RegionReference):
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obj = h5r.dereference(args[0], self.id)
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if obj != self.id:
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raise ValueError("Region reference must point to this dataset")
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sid = h5r.get_region(args[0], self.id)
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mshape = sel.guess_shape(sid)
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if mshape is None:
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return numpy.array((0,), dtype=new_dtype)
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if numpy.product(mshape) == 0:
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return numpy.array(mshape, dtype=new_dtype)
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out = numpy.empty(mshape, dtype=new_dtype)
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sid_out = h5s.create_simple(mshape)
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sid_out.select_all()
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self.id.read(sid_out, sid, out, mtype)
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return out
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# === Check for zero-sized datasets =====
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if numpy.product(self.shape) == 0:
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# These are the only access methods NumPy allows for such objects
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if args == (Ellipsis,) or args == tuple():
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return numpy.empty(self.shape, dtype=new_dtype)
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# === Scalar dataspaces =================
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if self.shape == ():
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fspace = self.id.get_space()
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selection = sel2.select_read(fspace, args)
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arr = numpy.ndarray(selection.mshape, dtype=new_dtype)
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for mspace, fspace in selection:
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self.id.read(mspace, fspace, arr, mtype)
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if len(names) == 1:
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arr = arr[names[0]]
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if selection.mshape is None:
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return arr[()]
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return arr
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# === Everything else ===================
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# Perform the dataspace selection.
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selection = sel.select(self.shape, args, dsid=self.id)
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if selection.nselect == 0:
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return numpy.ndarray(selection.mshape, dtype=new_dtype)
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# Up-converting to (1,) so that numpy.ndarray correctly creates
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# np.void rows in case of multi-field dtype. (issue 135)
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single_element = selection.mshape == ()
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mshape = (1,) if single_element else selection.mshape
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arr = numpy.ndarray(mshape, new_dtype, order='C')
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# HDF5 has a bug where if the memory shape has a different rank
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# than the dataset, the read is very slow
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if len(mshape) < len(self.shape):
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# pad with ones
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mshape = (1,)*(len(self.shape)-len(mshape)) + mshape
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# Perform the actual read
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mspace = h5s.create_simple(mshape)
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fspace = selection.id
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self.id.read(mspace, fspace, arr, mtype, dxpl=self._dxpl)
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# Patch up the output for NumPy
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if len(names) == 1:
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arr = arr[names[0]] # Single-field recarray convention
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if arr.shape == ():
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arr = numpy.asscalar(arr)
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if single_element:
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arr = arr[0]
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return arr
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@with_phil
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def __setitem__(self, args, val):
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""" Write to the HDF5 dataset from a Numpy array.
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NumPy's broadcasting rules are honored, for "simple" indexing
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(slices and integers). For advanced indexing, the shapes must
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match.
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"""
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args = args if isinstance(args, tuple) else (args,)
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# Sort field indices from the slicing
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names = tuple(x for x in args if isinstance(x, six.string_types))
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args = tuple(x for x in args if not isinstance(x, six.string_types))
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if six.PY2:
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names = tuple(x.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(x, six.text_type) else x for x in names)
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# Generally we try to avoid converting the arrays on the Python
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# side. However, for compound literals this is unavoidable.
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vlen = h5t.check_dtype(vlen=self.dtype)
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if vlen is not None and vlen not in (bytes, six.text_type):
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try:
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val = numpy.asarray(val, dtype=vlen)
|
|
except ValueError:
|
|
try:
|
|
val = numpy.array([numpy.array(x, dtype=vlen)
|
|
for x in val], dtype=self.dtype)
|
|
except ValueError:
|
|
pass
|
|
if vlen == val.dtype:
|
|
if val.ndim > 1:
|
|
tmp = numpy.empty(shape=val.shape[:-1], dtype=object)
|
|
tmp.ravel()[:] = [i for i in val.reshape(
|
|
(numpy.product(val.shape[:-1]), val.shape[-1]))]
|
|
else:
|
|
tmp = numpy.array([None], dtype=object)
|
|
tmp[0] = val
|
|
val = tmp
|
|
elif self.dtype.kind == "O" or \
|
|
(self.dtype.kind == 'V' and \
|
|
(not isinstance(val, numpy.ndarray) or val.dtype.kind != 'V') and \
|
|
(self.dtype.subdtype == None)):
|
|
if len(names) == 1 and self.dtype.fields is not None:
|
|
# Single field selected for write, from a non-array source
|
|
if not names[0] in self.dtype.fields:
|
|
raise ValueError("No such field for indexing: %s" % names[0])
|
|
dtype = self.dtype.fields[names[0]][0]
|
|
cast_compound = True
|
|
else:
|
|
dtype = self.dtype
|
|
cast_compound = False
|
|
|
|
val = numpy.asarray(val, dtype=dtype.base, order='C')
|
|
if cast_compound:
|
|
val = val.view(numpy.dtype([(names[0], dtype)]))
|
|
val = val.reshape(val.shape[:len(val.shape) - len(dtype.shape)])
|
|
else:
|
|
val = numpy.asarray(val, order='C')
|
|
|
|
# Check for array dtype compatibility and convert
|
|
if self.dtype.subdtype is not None:
|
|
shp = self.dtype.subdtype[1]
|
|
valshp = val.shape[-len(shp):]
|
|
if valshp != shp: # Last dimension has to match
|
|
raise TypeError("When writing to array types, last N dimensions have to match (got %s, but should be %s)" % (valshp, shp,))
|
|
mtype = h5t.py_create(numpy.dtype((val.dtype, shp)))
|
|
mshape = val.shape[0:len(val.shape)-len(shp)]
|
|
|
|
# Make a compound memory type if field-name slicing is required
|
|
elif len(names) != 0:
|
|
|
|
mshape = val.shape
|
|
|
|
# Catch common errors
|
|
if self.dtype.fields is None:
|
|
raise TypeError("Illegal slicing argument (not a compound dataset)")
|
|
mismatch = [x for x in names if x not in self.dtype.fields]
|
|
if len(mismatch) != 0:
|
|
mismatch = ", ".join('"%s"'%x for x in mismatch)
|
|
raise ValueError("Illegal slicing argument (fields %s not in dataset type)" % mismatch)
|
|
|
|
# Write non-compound source into a single dataset field
|
|
if len(names) == 1 and val.dtype.fields is None:
|
|
subtype = h5t.py_create(val.dtype)
|
|
mtype = h5t.create(h5t.COMPOUND, subtype.get_size())
|
|
mtype.insert(self._e(names[0]), 0, subtype)
|
|
|
|
# Make a new source type keeping only the requested fields
|
|
else:
|
|
fieldnames = [x for x in val.dtype.names if x in names] # Keep source order
|
|
mtype = h5t.create(h5t.COMPOUND, val.dtype.itemsize)
|
|
for fieldname in fieldnames:
|
|
subtype = h5t.py_create(val.dtype.fields[fieldname][0])
|
|
offset = val.dtype.fields[fieldname][1]
|
|
mtype.insert(self._e(fieldname), offset, subtype)
|
|
|
|
# Use mtype derived from array (let DatasetID.write figure it out)
|
|
else:
|
|
mshape = val.shape
|
|
mtype = None
|
|
|
|
# Perform the dataspace selection
|
|
selection = sel.select(self.shape, args, dsid=self.id)
|
|
|
|
if selection.nselect == 0:
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
# Broadcast scalars if necessary.
|
|
if mshape == () and selection.mshape != ():
|
|
if self.dtype.subdtype is not None:
|
|
raise TypeError("Scalar broadcasting is not supported for array dtypes")
|
|
val2 = numpy.empty(selection.mshape[-1], dtype=val.dtype)
|
|
val2[...] = val
|
|
val = val2
|
|
mshape = val.shape
|
|
|
|
# Perform the write, with broadcasting
|
|
# Be careful to pad memory shape with ones to avoid HDF5 chunking
|
|
# glitch, which kicks in for mismatched memory/file selections
|
|
if len(mshape) < len(self.shape):
|
|
mshape_pad = (1,)*(len(self.shape)-len(mshape)) + mshape
|
|
else:
|
|
mshape_pad = mshape
|
|
mspace = h5s.create_simple(mshape_pad, (h5s.UNLIMITED,)*len(mshape_pad))
|
|
for fspace in selection.broadcast(mshape):
|
|
self.id.write(mspace, fspace, val, mtype, dxpl=self._dxpl)
|
|
|
|
def read_direct(self, dest, source_sel=None, dest_sel=None):
|
|
""" Read data directly from HDF5 into an existing NumPy array.
|
|
|
|
The destination array must be C-contiguous and writable.
|
|
Selections must be the output of numpy.s_[<args>].
|
|
|
|
Broadcasting is supported for simple indexing.
|
|
"""
|
|
with phil:
|
|
if is_empty_dataspace(self.id):
|
|
raise TypeError("Empty datasets have no numpy representation")
|
|
if source_sel is None:
|
|
source_sel = sel.SimpleSelection(self.shape)
|
|
else:
|
|
source_sel = sel.select(self.shape, source_sel, self.id) # for numpy.s_
|
|
fspace = source_sel.id
|
|
|
|
if dest_sel is None:
|
|
dest_sel = sel.SimpleSelection(dest.shape)
|
|
else:
|
|
dest_sel = sel.select(dest.shape, dest_sel, self.id)
|
|
|
|
for mspace in dest_sel.broadcast(source_sel.mshape):
|
|
self.id.read(mspace, fspace, dest, dxpl=self._dxpl)
|
|
|
|
def write_direct(self, source, source_sel=None, dest_sel=None):
|
|
""" Write data directly to HDF5 from a NumPy array.
|
|
|
|
The source array must be C-contiguous. Selections must be
|
|
the output of numpy.s_[<args>].
|
|
|
|
Broadcasting is supported for simple indexing.
|
|
"""
|
|
with phil:
|
|
if is_empty_dataspace(self.id):
|
|
raise TypeError("Empty datasets cannot be written to")
|
|
if source_sel is None:
|
|
source_sel = sel.SimpleSelection(source.shape)
|
|
else:
|
|
source_sel = sel.select(source.shape, source_sel, self.id) # for numpy.s_
|
|
mspace = source_sel.id
|
|
|
|
if dest_sel is None:
|
|
dest_sel = sel.SimpleSelection(self.shape)
|
|
else:
|
|
dest_sel = sel.select(self.shape, dest_sel, self.id)
|
|
|
|
for fspace in dest_sel.broadcast(source_sel.mshape):
|
|
self.id.write(mspace, fspace, source, dxpl=self._dxpl)
|
|
|
|
@with_phil
|
|
def __array__(self, dtype=None):
|
|
""" Create a Numpy array containing the whole dataset. DON'T THINK
|
|
THIS MEANS DATASETS ARE INTERCHANGEABLE WITH ARRAYS. For one thing,
|
|
you have to read the whole dataset every time this method is called.
|
|
"""
|
|
arr = numpy.empty(self.shape, dtype=self.dtype if dtype is None else dtype)
|
|
|
|
# Special case for (0,)*-shape datasets
|
|
if numpy.product(self.shape) == 0:
|
|
return arr
|
|
|
|
self.read_direct(arr)
|
|
return arr
|
|
|
|
@with_phil
|
|
def __repr__(self):
|
|
if not self:
|
|
r = u'<Closed HDF5 dataset>'
|
|
else:
|
|
if self.name is None:
|
|
namestr = u'("anonymous")'
|
|
else:
|
|
name = pp.basename(pp.normpath(self.name))
|
|
namestr = u'"%s"' % (name if name != u'' else u'/')
|
|
r = u'<HDF5 dataset %s: shape %s, type "%s">' % (
|
|
namestr, self.shape, self.dtype.str
|
|
)
|
|
if six.PY2:
|
|
return r.encode('utf8')
|
|
return r
|
|
|
|
if hasattr(h5d.DatasetID, "refresh"):
|
|
@with_phil
|
|
def refresh(self):
|
|
""" Refresh the dataset metadata by reloading from the file.
|
|
|
|
This is part of the SWMR features and only exist when the HDF5
|
|
library version >=1.9.178
|
|
"""
|
|
self._id.refresh()
|
|
|
|
if hasattr(h5d.DatasetID, "flush"):
|
|
@with_phil
|
|
def flush(self):
|
|
""" Flush the dataset data and metadata to the file.
|
|
If the dataset is chunked, raw data chunks are written to the file.
|
|
|
|
This is part of the SWMR features and only exist when the HDF5
|
|
library version >=1.9.178
|
|
"""
|
|
self._id.flush()
|