# Copyright 2011 Sybren A. Stüvel <sybren@stuvel.eu>
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#
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# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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# limitations under the License.
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"""Functions that load and write PEM-encoded files."""
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import base64
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import typing
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# Should either be ASCII strings or bytes.
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FlexiText = typing.Union[str, bytes]
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def _markers(pem_marker: FlexiText) -> typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]:
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"""
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Returns the start and end PEM markers, as bytes.
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"""
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if not isinstance(pem_marker, bytes):
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pem_marker = pem_marker.encode('ascii')
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return (b'-----BEGIN ' + pem_marker + b'-----',
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b'-----END ' + pem_marker + b'-----')
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def _pem_lines(contents: bytes, pem_start: bytes, pem_end: bytes) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
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"""Generator over PEM lines between pem_start and pem_end."""
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in_pem_part = False
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seen_pem_start = False
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for line in contents.splitlines():
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line = line.strip()
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# Skip empty lines
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if not line:
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continue
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# Handle start marker
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if line == pem_start:
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if in_pem_part:
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raise ValueError('Seen start marker "%r" twice' % pem_start)
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in_pem_part = True
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seen_pem_start = True
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continue
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# Skip stuff before first marker
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if not in_pem_part:
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continue
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# Handle end marker
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if in_pem_part and line == pem_end:
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in_pem_part = False
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break
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# Load fields
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if b':' in line:
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continue
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yield line
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# Do some sanity checks
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if not seen_pem_start:
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raise ValueError('No PEM start marker "%r" found' % pem_start)
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if in_pem_part:
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raise ValueError('No PEM end marker "%r" found' % pem_end)
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def load_pem(contents: FlexiText, pem_marker: FlexiText) -> bytes:
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"""Loads a PEM file.
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:param contents: the contents of the file to interpret
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:param pem_marker: the marker of the PEM content, such as 'RSA PRIVATE KEY'
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when your file has '-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----' and
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'-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----' markers.
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:return: the base64-decoded content between the start and end markers.
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@raise ValueError: when the content is invalid, for example when the start
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marker cannot be found.
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"""
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# We want bytes, not text. If it's text, it can be converted to ASCII bytes.
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if not isinstance(contents, bytes):
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contents = contents.encode('ascii')
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(pem_start, pem_end) = _markers(pem_marker)
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pem_lines = [line for line in _pem_lines(contents, pem_start, pem_end)]
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# Base64-decode the contents
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pem = b''.join(pem_lines)
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return base64.standard_b64decode(pem)
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def save_pem(contents: bytes, pem_marker: FlexiText) -> bytes:
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"""Saves a PEM file.
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:param contents: the contents to encode in PEM format
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:param pem_marker: the marker of the PEM content, such as 'RSA PRIVATE KEY'
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when your file has '-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----' and
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'-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----' markers.
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:return: the base64-encoded content between the start and end markers, as bytes.
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"""
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(pem_start, pem_end) = _markers(pem_marker)
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b64 = base64.standard_b64encode(contents).replace(b'\n', b'')
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pem_lines = [pem_start]
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for block_start in range(0, len(b64), 64):
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block = b64[block_start:block_start + 64]
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pem_lines.append(block)
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pem_lines.append(pem_end)
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pem_lines.append(b'')
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return b'\n'.join(pem_lines)
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