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# Copyright (c) 2006-2012 Mitch Garnaat http://garnaat.org/
# Copyright (c) 2010, Eucalyptus Systems, Inc.
# Copyright (c) 2012 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates.
# All rights reserved.
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
# copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, dis-
# tribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
# persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the fol-
# lowing conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
# in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
# OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABIL-
# ITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
# SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
# WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
#
# Parts of this code were copied or derived from sample code supplied by AWS.
# The following notice applies to that code.
#
# This software code is made available "AS IS" without warranties of any
# kind. You may copy, display, modify and redistribute the software
# code either by itself or as incorporated into your code; provided that
# you do not remove any proprietary notices. Your use of this software
# code is at your own risk and you waive any claim against Amazon
# Digital Services, Inc. or its affiliates with respect to your use of
# this software code. (c) 2006 Amazon Digital Services, Inc. or its
# affiliates.
"""
Some handy utility functions used by several classes.
"""
import subprocess
import time
import logging.handlers
import boto
import boto.provider
import tempfile
import random
import smtplib
import datetime
import re
import email.mime.multipart
import email.mime.base
import email.mime.text
import email.utils
import email.encoders
import gzip
import threading
import locale
from boto.compat import six, StringIO, urllib, encodebytes
from contextlib import contextmanager
from hashlib import md5, sha512
_hashfn = sha512
from boto.compat import json
try:
from boto.compat.json import JSONDecodeError
except ImportError:
JSONDecodeError = ValueError
# List of Query String Arguments of Interest
qsa_of_interest = ['acl', 'cors', 'defaultObjectAcl', 'location', 'logging',
'partNumber', 'policy', 'requestPayment', 'torrent',
'versioning', 'versionId', 'versions', 'website',
'uploads', 'uploadId', 'response-content-type',
'response-content-language', 'response-expires',
'response-cache-control', 'response-content-disposition',
'response-content-encoding', 'delete', 'lifecycle',
'tagging', 'restore',
# storageClass is a QSA for buckets in Google Cloud Storage.
# (StorageClass is associated to individual keys in S3, but
# having it listed here should cause no problems because
# GET bucket?storageClass is not part of the S3 API.)
'storageClass',
# websiteConfig is a QSA for buckets in Google Cloud
# Storage.
'websiteConfig',
# compose is a QSA for objects in Google Cloud Storage.
'compose',
# billing is a QSA for buckets in Google Cloud Storage.
'billing',
# userProject is a QSA for requests in Google Cloud Storage.
'userProject',
# encryptionConfig is a QSA for requests in Google Cloud
# Storage.
'encryptionConfig']
_first_cap_regex = re.compile('(.)([A-Z][a-z]+)')
_number_cap_regex = re.compile('([a-z])([0-9]+)')
_end_cap_regex = re.compile('([a-z0-9])([A-Z])')
def unquote_v(nv):
if len(nv) == 1:
return nv
else:
return (nv[0], urllib.parse.unquote(nv[1]))
def canonical_string(method, path, headers, expires=None,
provider=None):
"""
Generates the aws canonical string for the given parameters
"""
if not provider:
provider = boto.provider.get_default()
interesting_headers = {}
for key in headers:
lk = key.lower()
if headers[key] is not None and \
(lk in ['content-md5', 'content-type', 'date'] or
lk.startswith(provider.header_prefix)):
interesting_headers[lk] = str(headers[key]).strip()
# these keys get empty strings if they don't exist
if 'content-type' not in interesting_headers:
interesting_headers['content-type'] = ''
if 'content-md5' not in interesting_headers:
interesting_headers['content-md5'] = ''
# just in case someone used this. it's not necessary in this lib.
if provider.date_header in interesting_headers:
interesting_headers['date'] = ''
# if you're using expires for query string auth, then it trumps date
# (and provider.date_header)
if expires:
interesting_headers['date'] = str(expires)
sorted_header_keys = sorted(interesting_headers.keys())
buf = "%s\n" % method
for key in sorted_header_keys:
val = interesting_headers[key]
if key.startswith(provider.header_prefix):
buf += "%s:%s\n" % (key, val)
else:
buf += "%s\n" % val
# don't include anything after the first ? in the resource...
# unless it is one of the QSA of interest, defined above
t = path.split('?')
buf += t[0]
if len(t) > 1:
qsa = t[1].split('&')
qsa = [a.split('=', 1) for a in qsa]
qsa = [unquote_v(a) for a in qsa if a[0] in qsa_of_interest]
if len(qsa) > 0:
qsa.sort(key=lambda x: x[0])
qsa = ['='.join(a) for a in qsa]
buf += '?'
buf += '&'.join(qsa)
return buf
def merge_meta(headers, metadata, provider=None):
if not provider:
provider = boto.provider.get_default()
metadata_prefix = provider.metadata_prefix
final_headers = headers.copy()
for k in metadata.keys():
if k.lower() in boto.s3.key.Key.base_user_settable_fields:
final_headers[k] = metadata[k]
else:
final_headers[metadata_prefix + k] = metadata[k]
return final_headers
def get_aws_metadata(headers, provider=None):
if not provider:
provider = boto.provider.get_default()
metadata_prefix = provider.metadata_prefix
metadata = {}
for hkey in headers.keys():
if hkey.lower().startswith(metadata_prefix):
val = urllib.parse.unquote(headers[hkey])
if isinstance(val, bytes):
try:
val = val.decode('utf-8')
except UnicodeDecodeError:
# Just leave the value as-is
pass
metadata[hkey[len(metadata_prefix):]] = val
del headers[hkey]
return metadata
def retry_url(url, retry_on_404=True, num_retries=10, timeout=None):
"""
Retry a url. This is specifically used for accessing the metadata
service on an instance. Since this address should never be proxied
(for security reasons), we create a ProxyHandler with a NULL
dictionary to override any proxy settings in the environment.
"""
for i in range(0, num_retries):
try:
proxy_handler = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({})
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy_handler)
req = urllib.request.Request(url)
r = opener.open(req, timeout=timeout)
result = r.read()
if(not isinstance(result, six.string_types) and
hasattr(result, 'decode')):
result = result.decode('utf-8')
return result
except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
code = e.getcode()
if code == 404 and not retry_on_404:
return ''
except Exception as e:
boto.log.exception('Caught exception reading instance data')
# If not on the last iteration of the loop then sleep.
if i + 1 != num_retries:
boto.log.debug('Sleeping before retrying')
time.sleep(min(2 ** i,
boto.config.get('Boto', 'max_retry_delay', 60)))
boto.log.error('Unable to read instance data, giving up')
return ''
def _get_instance_metadata(url, num_retries, timeout=None):
return LazyLoadMetadata(url, num_retries, timeout)
class LazyLoadMetadata(dict):
def __init__(self, url, num_retries, timeout=None):
self._url = url
self._num_retries = num_retries
self._leaves = {}
self._dicts = []
self._timeout = timeout
data = boto.utils.retry_url(self._url, num_retries=self._num_retries, timeout=self._timeout)
if data:
fields = data.split('\n')
for field in fields:
if field.endswith('/'):
key = field[0:-1]
self._dicts.append(key)
else:
p = field.find('=')
if p > 0:
key = field[p + 1:]
resource = field[0:p] + '/openssh-key'
else:
key = resource = field
self._leaves[key] = resource
self[key] = None
def _materialize(self):
for key in self:
self[key]
def __getitem__(self, key):
if key not in self:
# allow dict to throw the KeyError
return super(LazyLoadMetadata, self).__getitem__(key)
# already loaded
val = super(LazyLoadMetadata, self).__getitem__(key)
if val is not None:
return val
if key in self._leaves:
resource = self._leaves[key]
last_exception = None
for i in range(0, self._num_retries):
try:
val = boto.utils.retry_url(
self._url + urllib.parse.quote(resource,
safe="/:"),
num_retries=self._num_retries,
timeout=self._timeout)
if val and val[0] == '{':
val = json.loads(val)
break
else:
p = val.find('\n')
if p > 0:
val = val.split('\n')
break
except JSONDecodeError as e:
boto.log.debug(
"encountered '%s' exception: %s" % (
e.__class__.__name__, e))
boto.log.debug(
'corrupted JSON data found: %s' % val)
last_exception = e
except Exception as e:
boto.log.debug("encountered unretryable" +
" '%s' exception, re-raising" % (
e.__class__.__name__))
last_exception = e
raise
boto.log.error("Caught exception reading meta data" +
" for the '%s' try" % (i + 1))
if i + 1 != self._num_retries:
next_sleep = min(
random.random() * 2 ** i,
boto.config.get('Boto', 'max_retry_delay', 60))
time.sleep(next_sleep)
else:
boto.log.error('Unable to read meta data, giving up')
boto.log.error(
"encountered '%s' exception: %s" % (
last_exception.__class__.__name__, last_exception))
raise last_exception
self[key] = val
elif key in self._dicts:
self[key] = LazyLoadMetadata(self._url + key + '/',
self._num_retries)
return super(LazyLoadMetadata, self).__getitem__(key)
def get(self, key, default=None):
try:
return self[key]
except KeyError:
return default
def values(self):
self._materialize()
return super(LazyLoadMetadata, self).values()
def items(self):
self._materialize()
return super(LazyLoadMetadata, self).items()
def __str__(self):
self._materialize()
return super(LazyLoadMetadata, self).__str__()
def __repr__(self):
self._materialize()
return super(LazyLoadMetadata, self).__repr__()
def _build_instance_metadata_url(url, version, path):
"""
Builds an EC2 metadata URL for fetching information about an instance.
Example:
>>> _build_instance_metadata_url('http://169.254.169.254', 'latest', 'meta-data/')
http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/
:type url: string
:param url: URL to metadata service, e.g. 'http://169.254.169.254'
:type version: string
:param version: Version of the metadata to get, e.g. 'latest'
:type path: string
:param path: Path of the metadata to get, e.g. 'meta-data/'. If a trailing
slash is required it must be passed in with the path.
:return: The full metadata URL
"""
return '%s/%s/%s' % (url, version, path)
def get_instance_metadata(version='latest', url='http://169.254.169.254',
data='meta-data/', timeout=None, num_retries=5):
"""
Returns the instance metadata as a nested Python dictionary.
Simple values (e.g. local_hostname, hostname, etc.) will be
stored as string values. Values such as ancestor-ami-ids will
be stored in the dict as a list of string values. More complex
fields such as public-keys and will be stored as nested dicts.
If the timeout is specified, the connection to the specified url
will time out after the specified number of seconds.
"""
try:
metadata_url = _build_instance_metadata_url(url, version, data)
return _get_instance_metadata(metadata_url, num_retries=num_retries, timeout=timeout)
except urllib.error.URLError:
boto.log.exception("Exception caught when trying to retrieve "
"instance metadata for: %s", data)
return None
def get_instance_identity(version='latest', url='http://169.254.169.254',
timeout=None, num_retries=5):
"""
Returns the instance identity as a nested Python dictionary.
"""
iid = {}
base_url = _build_instance_metadata_url(url, version,
'dynamic/instance-identity/')
try:
data = retry_url(base_url, num_retries=num_retries, timeout=timeout)
fields = data.split('\n')
for field in fields:
val = retry_url(base_url + '/' + field + '/', num_retries=num_retries, timeout=timeout)
if val[0] == '{':
val = json.loads(val)
if field:
iid[field] = val
return iid
except urllib.error.URLError:
return None
def get_instance_userdata(version='latest', sep=None,
url='http://169.254.169.254', timeout=None, num_retries=5):
ud_url = _build_instance_metadata_url(url, version, 'user-data')
user_data = retry_url(ud_url, retry_on_404=False, num_retries=num_retries, timeout=timeout)
if user_data:
if sep:
l = user_data.split(sep)
user_data = {}
for nvpair in l:
t = nvpair.split('=')
user_data[t[0].strip()] = t[1].strip()
return user_data
ISO8601 = '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ'
ISO8601_MS = '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%fZ'
RFC1123 = '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %Z'
LOCALE_LOCK = threading.Lock()
@contextmanager
def setlocale(name):
"""
A context manager to set the locale in a threadsafe manner.
"""
with LOCALE_LOCK:
saved = locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL)
try:
yield locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, name)
finally:
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, saved)
def get_ts(ts=None):
if not ts:
ts = time.gmtime()
return time.strftime(ISO8601, ts)
def parse_ts(ts):
with setlocale('C'):
ts = ts.strip()
try:
dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(ts, ISO8601)
return dt
except ValueError:
try:
dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(ts, ISO8601_MS)
return dt
except ValueError:
dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(ts, RFC1123)
return dt
def find_class(module_name, class_name=None):
if class_name:
module_name = "%s.%s" % (module_name, class_name)
modules = module_name.split('.')
c = None
try:
for m in modules[1:]:
if c:
c = getattr(c, m)
else:
c = getattr(__import__(".".join(modules[0:-1])), m)
return c
except:
return None
def update_dme(username, password, dme_id, ip_address):
"""
Update your Dynamic DNS record with DNSMadeEasy.com
"""
dme_url = 'https://www.dnsmadeeasy.com/servlet/updateip'
dme_url += '?username=%s&password=%s&id=%s&ip=%s'
s = urllib.request.urlopen(dme_url % (username, password, dme_id, ip_address))
return s.read()
def fetch_file(uri, file=None, username=None, password=None):
"""
Fetch a file based on the URI provided.
If you do not pass in a file pointer a tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile,
or None if the file could not be retrieved is returned.
The URI can be either an HTTP url, or "s3://bucket_name/key_name"
"""
boto.log.info('Fetching %s' % uri)
if file is None:
file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
try:
if uri.startswith('s3://'):
bucket_name, key_name = uri[len('s3://'):].split('/', 1)
c = boto.connect_s3(aws_access_key_id=username,
aws_secret_access_key=password)
bucket = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
key = bucket.get_key(key_name)
key.get_contents_to_file(file)
else:
if username and password:
passman = urllib.request.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
passman.add_password(None, uri, username, password)
authhandler = urllib.request.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(passman)
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(authhandler)
urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
s = urllib.request.urlopen(uri)
file.write(s.read())
file.seek(0)
except:
raise
boto.log.exception('Problem Retrieving file: %s' % uri)
file = None
return file
class ShellCommand(object):
def __init__(self, command, wait=True, fail_fast=False, cwd=None):
self.exit_code = 0
self.command = command
self.log_fp = StringIO()
self.wait = wait
self.fail_fast = fail_fast
self.run(cwd=cwd)
def run(self, cwd=None):
boto.log.info('running:%s' % self.command)
self.process = subprocess.Popen(self.command, shell=True,
stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
cwd=cwd)
if(self.wait):
while self.process.poll() is None:
time.sleep(1)
t = self.process.communicate()
self.log_fp.write(t[0])
self.log_fp.write(t[1])
boto.log.info(self.log_fp.getvalue())
self.exit_code = self.process.returncode
if self.fail_fast and self.exit_code != 0:
raise Exception("Command " + self.command +
" failed with status " + self.exit_code)
return self.exit_code
def setReadOnly(self, value):
raise AttributeError
def getStatus(self):
return self.exit_code
status = property(getStatus, setReadOnly, None,
'The exit code for the command')
def getOutput(self):
return self.log_fp.getvalue()
output = property(getOutput, setReadOnly, None,
'The STDIN and STDERR output of the command')
class AuthSMTPHandler(logging.handlers.SMTPHandler):
"""
This class extends the SMTPHandler in the standard Python logging module
to accept a username and password on the constructor and to then use those
credentials to authenticate with the SMTP server. To use this, you could
add something like this in your boto config file:
[handler_hand07]
class=boto.utils.AuthSMTPHandler
level=WARN
formatter=form07
args=('localhost', 'username', 'password', 'from@abc', ['user1@abc', 'user2@xyz'], 'Logger Subject')
"""
def __init__(self, mailhost, username, password,
fromaddr, toaddrs, subject):
"""
Initialize the handler.
We have extended the constructor to accept a username/password
for SMTP authentication.
"""
super(AuthSMTPHandler, self).__init__(mailhost, fromaddr,
toaddrs, subject)
self.username = username
self.password = password
def emit(self, record):
"""
Emit a record.
Format the record and send it to the specified addressees.
It would be really nice if I could add authorization to this class
without having to resort to cut and paste inheritance but, no.
"""
try:
port = self.mailport
if not port:
port = smtplib.SMTP_PORT
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(self.mailhost, port)
smtp.login(self.username, self.password)
msg = self.format(record)
msg = "From: %s\r\nTo: %s\r\nSubject: %s\r\nDate: %s\r\n\r\n%s" % (
self.fromaddr,
','.join(self.toaddrs),
self.getSubject(record),
email.utils.formatdate(), msg)
smtp.sendmail(self.fromaddr, self.toaddrs, msg)
smtp.quit()
except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
raise
except:
self.handleError(record)
class LRUCache(dict):
"""A dictionary-like object that stores only a certain number of items, and
discards its least recently used item when full.
>>> cache = LRUCache(3)
>>> cache['A'] = 0
>>> cache['B'] = 1
>>> cache['C'] = 2
>>> len(cache)
3
>>> cache['A']
0
Adding new items to the cache does not increase its size. Instead, the least
recently used item is dropped:
>>> cache['D'] = 3
>>> len(cache)
3
>>> 'B' in cache
False
Iterating over the cache returns the keys, starting with the most recently
used:
>>> for key in cache:
... print key
D
A
C
This code is based on the LRUCache class from Genshi which is based on
`Myghty <http://www.myghty.org>`_'s LRUCache from ``myghtyutils.util``,
written by Mike Bayer and released under the MIT license (Genshi uses the
BSD License).
"""
class _Item(object):
def __init__(self, key, value):
self.previous = self.next = None
self.key = key
self.value = value
def __repr__(self):
return repr(self.value)
def __init__(self, capacity):
self._dict = dict()
self.capacity = capacity
self.head = None
self.tail = None
def __contains__(self, key):
return key in self._dict
def __iter__(self):
cur = self.head
while cur:
yield cur.key
cur = cur.next
def __len__(self):
return len(self._dict)
def __getitem__(self, key):
item = self._dict[key]
self._update_item(item)
return item.value
def __setitem__(self, key, value):
item = self._dict.get(key)
if item is None:
item = self._Item(key, value)
self._dict[key] = item
self._insert_item(item)
else:
item.value = value
self._update_item(item)
self._manage_size()
def __repr__(self):
return repr(self._dict)
def _insert_item(self, item):
item.previous = None
item.next = self.head
if self.head is not None:
self.head.previous = item
else:
self.tail = item
self.head = item
self._manage_size()
def _manage_size(self):
while len(self._dict) > self.capacity:
del self._dict[self.tail.key]
if self.tail != self.head:
self.tail = self.tail.previous
self.tail.next = None
else:
self.head = self.tail = None
def _update_item(self, item):
if self.head == item:
return
previous = item.previous
previous.next = item.next
if item.next is not None:
item.next.previous = previous
else:
self.tail = previous
item.previous = None
item.next = self.head
self.head.previous = self.head = item
class Password(object):
"""
Password object that stores itself as hashed.
Hash defaults to SHA512 if available, MD5 otherwise.
"""
hashfunc = _hashfn
def __init__(self, str=None, hashfunc=None):
"""
Load the string from an initial value, this should be the
raw hashed password.
"""
self.str = str
if hashfunc:
self.hashfunc = hashfunc
def set(self, value):
if not isinstance(value, bytes):
value = value.encode('utf-8')
self.str = self.hashfunc(value).hexdigest()
def __str__(self):
return str(self.str)
def __eq__(self, other):
if other is None:
return False
if not isinstance(other, bytes):
other = other.encode('utf-8')
return str(self.hashfunc(other).hexdigest()) == str(self.str)
def __len__(self):
if self.str:
return len(self.str)
else:
return 0
def notify(subject, body=None, html_body=None, to_string=None,
attachments=None, append_instance_id=True):
attachments = attachments or []
if append_instance_id:
subject = "[%s] %s" % (
boto.config.get_value("Instance", "instance-id"), subject)
if not to_string:
to_string = boto.config.get_value('Notification', 'smtp_to', None)
if to_string:
try:
from_string = boto.config.get_value('Notification',
'smtp_from', 'boto')
msg = email.mime.multipart.MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = from_string
msg['Reply-To'] = from_string
msg['To'] = to_string
msg['Date'] = email.utils.formatdate(localtime=True)
msg['Subject'] = subject
if body:
msg.attach(email.mime.text.MIMEText(body))
if html_body:
part = email.mime.base.MIMEBase('text', 'html')
part.set_payload(html_body)
email.encoders.encode_base64(part)
msg.attach(part)
for part in attachments:
msg.attach(part)
smtp_host = boto.config.get_value('Notification',
'smtp_host', 'localhost')
# Alternate port support
if boto.config.get_value("Notification", "smtp_port"):
server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_host, int(
boto.config.get_value("Notification", "smtp_port")))
else:
server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_host)
# TLS support
if boto.config.getbool("Notification", "smtp_tls"):
server.ehlo()
server.starttls()
server.ehlo()
smtp_user = boto.config.get_value('Notification', 'smtp_user', '')
smtp_pass = boto.config.get_value('Notification', 'smtp_pass', '')
if smtp_user:
server.login(smtp_user, smtp_pass)
server.sendmail(from_string, to_string, msg.as_string())
server.quit()
except:
boto.log.exception('notify failed')
def get_utf8_value(value):
if not six.PY2 and isinstance(value, bytes):
return value
if not isinstance(value, six.string_types):
value = six.text_type(value)
if isinstance(value, six.text_type):
value = value.encode('utf-8')
return value
def mklist(value):
if not isinstance(value, list):
if isinstance(value, tuple):
value = list(value)
else:
value = [value]
return value
def pythonize_name(name):
"""Convert camel case to a "pythonic" name.
Examples::
pythonize_name('CamelCase') -> 'camel_case'
pythonize_name('already_pythonized') -> 'already_pythonized'
pythonize_name('HTTPRequest') -> 'http_request'
pythonize_name('HTTPStatus200Ok') -> 'http_status_200_ok'
pythonize_name('UPPER') -> 'upper'
pythonize_name('') -> ''
"""
s1 = _first_cap_regex.sub(r'\1_\2', name)
s2 = _number_cap_regex.sub(r'\1_\2', s1)
return _end_cap_regex.sub(r'\1_\2', s2).lower()
def write_mime_multipart(content, compress=False, deftype='text/plain', delimiter=':'):
"""Description:
:param content: A list of tuples of name-content pairs. This is used
instead of a dict to ensure that scripts run in order
:type list of tuples:
:param compress: Use gzip to compress the scripts, defaults to no compression
:type bool:
:param deftype: The type that should be assumed if nothing else can be figured out
:type str:
:param delimiter: mime delimiter
:type str:
:return: Final mime multipart
:rtype: str:
"""
wrapper = email.mime.multipart.MIMEMultipart()
for name, con in content:
definite_type = guess_mime_type(con, deftype)
maintype, subtype = definite_type.split('/', 1)
if maintype == 'text':
mime_con = email.mime.text.MIMEText(con, _subtype=subtype)
else:
mime_con = email.mime.base.MIMEBase(maintype, subtype)
mime_con.set_payload(con)
# Encode the payload using Base64
email.encoders.encode_base64(mime_con)
mime_con.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=name)
wrapper.attach(mime_con)
rcontent = wrapper.as_string()
if compress:
buf = StringIO()
gz = gzip.GzipFile(mode='wb', fileobj=buf)
try:
gz.write(rcontent)
finally:
gz.close()
rcontent = buf.getvalue()
return rcontent
def guess_mime_type(content, deftype):
"""Description: Guess the mime type of a block of text
:param content: content we're finding the type of
:type str:
:param deftype: Default mime type
:type str:
:rtype: <type>:
:return: <description>
"""
# Mappings recognized by cloudinit
starts_with_mappings = {
'#include': 'text/x-include-url',
'#!': 'text/x-shellscript',
'#cloud-config': 'text/cloud-config',
'#upstart-job': 'text/upstart-job',
'#part-handler': 'text/part-handler',
'#cloud-boothook': 'text/cloud-boothook'
}
rtype = deftype
for possible_type, mimetype in starts_with_mappings.items():
if content.startswith(possible_type):
rtype = mimetype
break
return(rtype)
def compute_md5(fp, buf_size=8192, size=None):
"""
Compute MD5 hash on passed file and return results in a tuple of values.
:type fp: file
:param fp: File pointer to the file to MD5 hash. The file pointer
will be reset to its current location before the
method returns.
:type buf_size: integer
:param buf_size: Number of bytes per read request.
:type size: int
:param size: (optional) The Maximum number of bytes to read from
the file pointer (fp). This is useful when uploading
a file in multiple parts where the file is being
split inplace into different parts. Less bytes may
be available.
:rtype: tuple
:return: A tuple containing the hex digest version of the MD5 hash
as the first element, the base64 encoded version of the
plain digest as the second element and the data size as
the third element.
"""
return compute_hash(fp, buf_size, size, hash_algorithm=md5)
def compute_hash(fp, buf_size=8192, size=None, hash_algorithm=md5):
hash_obj = hash_algorithm()
spos = fp.tell()
if size and size < buf_size:
s = fp.read(size)
else:
s = fp.read(buf_size)
while s:
if not isinstance(s, bytes):
s = s.encode('utf-8')
hash_obj.update(s)
if size:
size -= len(s)
if size <= 0:
break
if size and size < buf_size:
s = fp.read(size)
else:
s = fp.read(buf_size)
hex_digest = hash_obj.hexdigest()
base64_digest = encodebytes(hash_obj.digest()).decode('utf-8')
if base64_digest[-1] == '\n':
base64_digest = base64_digest[0:-1]
# data_size based on bytes read.
data_size = fp.tell() - spos
fp.seek(spos)
return (hex_digest, base64_digest, data_size)
def find_matching_headers(name, headers):
"""
Takes a specific header name and a dict of headers {"name": "value"}.
Returns a list of matching header names, case-insensitive.
"""
return [h for h in headers if h.lower() == name.lower()]
def merge_headers_by_name(name, headers):
"""
Takes a specific header name and a dict of headers {"name": "value"}.
Returns a string of all header values, comma-separated, that match the
input header name, case-insensitive.
"""
matching_headers = find_matching_headers(name, headers)
return ','.join(str(headers[h]) for h in matching_headers
if headers[h] is not None)
class RequestHook(object):
"""
This can be extended and supplied to the connection object
to gain access to request and response object after the request completes.
One use for this would be to implement some specific request logging.
"""
def handle_request_data(self, request, response, error=False):
pass
def host_is_ipv6(hostname):
"""
Detect (naively) if the hostname is an IPV6 host.
Return a boolean.
"""
# empty strings or anything that is not a string is automatically not an
# IPV6 address
if not hostname or not isinstance(hostname, str):
return False
if hostname.startswith('['):
return True
if len(hostname.split(':')) > 2:
return True
# Anything else that doesn't start with brackets or doesn't have more than
# one ':' should not be an IPV6 address. This is very naive but the rest of
# the connection chain should error accordingly for typos or ill formed
# addresses
return False
def parse_host(hostname):
"""
Given a hostname that may have a port name, ensure that the port is trimmed
returning only the host, including hostnames that are IPV6 and may include
brackets.
"""
# ensure that hostname does not have any whitespaces
hostname = hostname.strip()
if host_is_ipv6(hostname):
return hostname.split(']:', 1)[0].strip('[]')
else:
return hostname.split(':', 1)[0]